“Relief texture mapping” by Oliveira, Bishop and McAllister

We present an extension to texture mapping that supports the representation of 3-D surface details and view motion parallax. The results are correct for viewpoints that are static or moving, far away or nearby. Our approach is very simple: a relief texture (texture extended with an orthogonal displacement per texel) is mapped onto a polygon using a two-step process: First, it is converted into an ordinary texture using a surprisingly simple 1-D forward transform. The resulting texture is then mapped onto the polygon using standard texture mapping. The 1-D warping functions work in texture coordinates to handle the parallax and visibility changes that result from the 3-D shape of the displacement surface. The subsequent texture-mapping operation handles the transformation from texture to screen coordinates.

1. Catmull, E. A Subdivision Algorithm for Computer Display of Curved Surfaces. Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Computer Science, University of Utah, December 1974.
2. Catmull, E., Smith, A. 3D Transformations of Images in Scanline Order. Proc. SIGGRAPH 80 (Seattle, Washington, July 14-18, 1980), pp. 279-285.
3. Cohen, J., Olano, M., Manocha, D. Appearance-Preserving Simplification. Proc. SIGGRAPIt 98 (Orlando, FL, July 19- 24, 1998), pp. 115-122.
4. Debevec, P., Taylor, C., Malik, J. Modeling and Rendering Architecture from Photographs: A hybrid geometry- and image-based approach. Proc. SIGGRAPIt 96 (New Orleans, LA, August 4-9, 1996), pp. 11-20.
5. Fant, Karl. A Nonaliasing, Real-Time Spatial Transform Technique. IEEE CG&A, Vol. 6, No 1, January 1986, pp. 71-80.
6. Fournier, A. Normal Distribution Functions and Multiple Surfaces. Graphics Interface ’92 Workshop on Local Illumination. pp. 45-52.
7. Gortler, S., et al. The Lumigraph. Proc. SIGGRAPIt 96 (New Orleans, LA, August 4-9, 1996), pp. 43-54.
8. Grossman, J., Dally, W. Point Sample Rendering. Proceedings of the 9th Eurographics Workshop on Rendering. Vienna, Austria, June 1998. Rendering Techniques ’98, Springer-Verlag, pp. 181-192.
9. Levoy, M., Hanrahan, P. Light Field Rendering Proc. SIGGRAPIt 96 (New Orleans, LA, August 4-9, 1996), pp. 31-42.
10. Max, N. A One-Pass Version of Two-Pass Image Resampling. Journal of Graphics Tools, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 33-41.
11. McMillan, L. An Image-Based Approach to Three- Dimensional Computer Graphics. Ph.D. Dissertation. UNC Computer Science Technical Report TR97-013, April 1997.
12. Oliveira, M., Bishop, G. Image-Based Objects. Proceedings of 1999 ACM Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics. pp. 191-198.
13. Oliveira, M. Relief Texture Mapping. Ph.D. Dissertation. UNC Computer Science Technical Report TR00-009. March 2000. http://www.cs.unc.edu/”dbr/pubs/oliveira-diss/TROO- 009.pdf.
14. Robertson, P. Fast Perspective Views of Images Using One- Dimensional Operations. IEEE CG&A, vol. 7, pp. 47-56, Feb. 1987.
15. Sawhney, H. 3D Geometry from Planar Parallax. In IEEE CVPR’94, pages 929-934. IEEE Computer Society, Seattle, Washington, June 1994.
16. Schaufler, G. Per-Object Image Warping with Layered Impostors. Proceedings of the 9th Eurographics Workshop on Rendering. Vienna, Austria, June 1998. Rendering Techniques ’98, Springer-Verlag, pp. 145-156.
17. Shade, J., et al. Layered Depth Images. Proc. SIGGRAPH 98 (Orlando, FL, July 19-24, 1998), pp. 231-242.
18. Smith, Alvy Ray. Planar 2-Pass Texture Mapping and Warping. Proc. SIGGRAPH 87 (Anaheim, CA, July 27-31, 1987), pp. 263-272.
19. Williams, L. Pyramidal Parametrics. Proc. SIGGRAPH 83 (Detroit, MI, July 25-29, 1983), pp. 1-11.
20. Wolberg, George. Separable Image Warping with Spatial Lool~p Tables. Proc. SIGGRAPH 89 (Boston, MA, July 31- 4 August, 1989), pp. 369-378.
21. Woo, M., et al. OpenGL Programming Guide. 2nd edition. Addison Wesley, 1997.