“Line segment sampling with blue-noise properties” by Sun, Zhou, Guo, Xie, Pan, et al. …
Conference:
Type:
Title:
- Line segment sampling with blue-noise properties
Session/Category Title: Sampling
Presenter(s)/Author(s):
Abstract:
Line segment sampling has recently been adopted in many rendering algorithms for better handling of a wide range of effects such as motion blur, defocus blur and scattering media. A question naturally raised is how to generate line segment samples with good properties that can effectively reduce variance and aliasing artifacts observed in the rendering results. This paper studies this problem and presents a frequency analysis of line segment sampling. The analysis shows that the frequency content of a line segment sample is equivalent to the weighted frequency content of a point sample. The weight introduces anisotropy that smoothly changes among point samples, line segment samples and line samples according to the lengths of the samples. Line segment sampling thus makes it possible to achieve a balance between noise (point sampling) and aliasing (line sampling) under the same sampling rate. Based on the analysis, we propose a line segment sampling scheme to preserve blue-noise properties of samples which can significantly reduce noise and aliasing artifacts in reconstruction results. We demonstrate that our sampling scheme improves the quality of depth-of-field rendering, motion blur rendering, and temporal light field reconstruction.
References:
1. Akenine-Möller, T., Munkberg, J., and Hasselgren, J. 2007. Stochastic rasterization using time-continuous triangles. In GH, 7–16. Google ScholarDigital Library
2. Balzer, M., Schlömer, T., and Deussen, O. 2009. Capacity-constrained point distributions: a variant of lloyd’s method. ACM Trans. Graph. 28, 3 (July), 86:1–86:8. Google ScholarDigital Library
3. Barringer, R., Gribel, C. J., and Akenine-Möller, T. 2012. High-quality curve rendering using line sampled visibility. ACM Trans. Graph. 31, 6 (Nov.), 162:1–162:10. Google ScholarDigital Library
4. Bowers, J., Wang, R., Wei, L.-Y., and Maletz, D. 2010. Parallel poisson disk sampling with spectrum analysis on surfaces. ACM Trans. Graph. 29, 6 (Dec.), 166:1–166:10. Google ScholarDigital Library
5. Bridson, R. 2007. Fast poisson disk sampling in arbitrary dimensions. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2007 sketches, ACM, New York, NY, USA, SIGGRAPH ’07. Google ScholarDigital Library
6. Cheslack-Postava, E., Wang, R., Akerlund, O., and Pellacini, F. 2008. Fast, realistic lighting and material design using nonlinear cut approximation. ACM Trans. Graph. 27, 5 (Dec.), 128:1–128:10. Google ScholarDigital Library
7. Cohen, M. F., Shade, J., Hiller, S., and Deussen, O. 2003. Wang tiles for image and texture generation. ACM Trans. Graph. 22, 3 (July), 287–294. Google ScholarDigital Library
8. Cook, R. L. 1986. Stochastic sampling in computer graphics. ACM Trans. Graph. 5, 1 (Jan.), 51–72. Google ScholarDigital Library
9. Dunbar, D., and Humphreys, G. 2006. A spatial data structure for fast poisson-disk sample generation. ACM Trans. Graph. 25, 3 (July), 503–508. Google ScholarDigital Library
10. Durand, F., Holzschuch, N., Soler, C., Chan, E., and Sillion, F. X. 2005. A frequency analysis of light transport. ACM Trans. Graph. 24, 3 (July), 1115–1126. Google ScholarDigital Library
11. Ebeida, M. S., Davidson, A. A., Patney, A., Knupp, P. M., Mitchell, S. A., and Owens, J. D. 2011. Efficient maximal poisson-disk sampling. ACM Trans. Graph. 30, 4 (July), 49:1–49:12. Google ScholarDigital Library
12. Ebeida, M. S., Mitchell, S. A., Patney, A., Davidson, A. A., and Owens, J. D. 2012. A simple algorithm for maximal poisson-disk sampling in high dimensions. Comp. Graph. Forum 31, 2pt4 (May), 785–794. Google ScholarDigital Library
13. Egan, K., Tseng, Y.-T., Holzschuch, N., Durand, F., and Ramamoorthi, R. 2009. Frequency analysis and sheared reconstruction for rendering motion blur. ACM Trans. Graph. 28, 3 (July), 93:1–93:13. Google ScholarDigital Library
14. Egan, K., Hecht, F., Durand, F., and Ramamoorthi, R. 2011. Frequency analysis and sheared filtering for shadow light fields of complex occluders. ACM Trans. Graph. 30, 2 (Apr.), 9:1–9:13. Google ScholarDigital Library
15. Fattal, R. 2011. Blue-noise point sampling using kernel density model. ACM Trans. Graph. 30, 4 (July), 48:1–48:12. Google ScholarDigital Library
16. Gribel, C. J., Doggett, M., and Akenine-Möller, T. 2010. Analytical motion blur rasterization with compression. In HPG, 163–172. Google ScholarDigital Library
17. Gribel, C. J., Barringer, R., and Akenine-Möller, T. 2011. High-quality spatio-temporal rendering using semi-analytical visibility. ACM Trans. Graph. 30, 4 (July), 54:1–54:12. Google ScholarDigital Library
18. Hachisuka, T., Jarosz, W., Weistroffer, R. P., Dale, K., Humphreys, G., Zwicker, M., and Jensen, H. W. 2008. Multidimensional adaptive sampling and reconstruction for ray tracing. ACM Trans. Graph. 27, 3 (Aug.), 33:1–33:10. Google ScholarDigital Library
19. Havran, V., Bittner, J., Herzog, R., and Seidel, H.-P. 2005. Ray maps for global illumination. In EGSR, 43–54. Google ScholarDigital Library
20. Jarosz, W., Zwicker, M., and Jensen, H. W. 2008. The beam radiance estimate for volumetric photon mapping. Comp. Graph. Forum 27, 2 (Apr.), 557–566.Google ScholarCross Ref
21. Jarosz, W., Nowrouzezahrai, D., Sadeghi, I., and Jensen, H. W. 2011. A comprehensive theory of volumetric radiance estimation using photon points and beams. ACM Trans. Graph. 30, 1 (Feb.), 5:1–5:19. Google ScholarDigital Library
22. Jarosz, W., Nowrouzezahrai, D., Thomas, R., Sloan, P. P., and Zwicker, M. 2011. Progressive photon beams. ACM Trans. Graph. 30, 6 (Dec.). Google ScholarDigital Library
23. Jensen, H. W., and Buhler, J. 2002. A rapid hierarchical rendering technique for translucent materials. ACM Trans. Graph. 21, 3 (July), 576–581. Google ScholarDigital Library
24. Jones, T. R., and Perry, R. N. 2000. Antialiasing with line samples. In EGRW, 197–206. Google ScholarDigital Library
25. Kopf, J., Cohen-Or, D., Deussen, O., and Lischinski, D. 2006. Recursive wang tiles for real-time blue noise. ACM Trans. Graph. 25, 3 (July), 509–518. Google ScholarDigital Library
26. Lagae, A., and Dutré, P. 2005. A procedural object distribution function. ACM Trans. Graph. 24, 4 (Oct.), 1442–1461. Google ScholarDigital Library
27. Lagae, A., and Dutré, P. 2008. A comparison of methods for generating Poisson disk distributions. Computer Graphics Forum 27, 1 (March), 114–129.Google ScholarCross Ref
28. Lehtinen, J., Aila, T., Chen, J., Laine, S., and Durand, F. 2011. Temporal light field reconstruction for rendering distribution effects. ACM Trans. Graph. 30, 4 (July), 55:1–55:12. Google ScholarDigital Library
29. Li, H., Wei, L.-Y., Sander, P. V., and Fu, C.-W. 2010. Anisotropic blue noise sampling. ACM Trans. Graph. 29, 6 (Dec.), 167:1–167:12. Google ScholarDigital Library
30. Lloyd, S. 1983. An optimization approach to relaxation labeling algorithms. Image and Vision Computing 1, 2 (May), 85–91.Google ScholarCross Ref
31. McCool, M., and Fiume, E. 1992. Hierarchical poisson disk sampling distributions. In GI, 94–105. Google ScholarDigital Library
32. Mehta, S. U., Wang, B., and Ramamoorthi, R. 2012. Axis-aligned filtering for interactive sampled soft shadows. ACM Trans. Graph. 31, 6 (Nov.), 163:1–163:10. Google ScholarDigital Library
33. Mitchell, D. P. 1987. Generating antialiased images at low sampling densities. SIGGRAPH Comput. Graph. 21, 4 (Aug.), 65–72. Google ScholarDigital Library
34. Mitchell, D. P. 1991. Spectrally optimal sampling for distribution ray tracing. SIGGRAPH Comput. Graph. 25, 4 (July), 157–164. Google ScholarDigital Library
35. Nehab, D., and Shilane, P. 2004. Stratified point sampling of 3D models. In PBG, 49–56. Google ScholarDigital Library
36. Novák, J., Nowrouzezahrai, D., Dachsbacher, C., and Jarosz, W. 2012. Progressive virtual beam lights. Comp. Graph. Forum 31, 4 (June), 1407–1413. Google ScholarDigital Library
37. Novák, J., Nowrouzezahrai, D., Dachsbacher, C., and Jarosz, W. 2012. Virtual ray lights for rendering scenes with participating media. ACM Trans. Graph. 31, 4 (July), 60:1–60:11. Google ScholarDigital Library
38. Ostromoukhov, V., Donohue, C., and Jodoin, P.-M. 2004. Fast hierarchical importance sampling with blue noise properties. ACM Trans. Graph. 23, 3 (Aug.), 488–495. Google ScholarDigital Library
39. Ostromoukhov, V. 2007. Sampling with polyominoes. ACM Trans. Graph. 26, 3 (July). Google ScholarDigital Library
40. Öztireli, A. C., and Gross, M. 2012. Analysis and synthesis of point distributions based on pair correlation. ACM Trans. Graph. 31, 6 (Nov.), 170:1–170:10. Google ScholarDigital Library
41. Öztireli, A. C., Alexa, M., and Gross, M. 2010. Spectral sampling of manifolds. ACM Trans. Graph. 29, 6 (Dec.), 168:1–168:8. Google ScholarDigital Library
42. Pang, W.-M., Qu, Y., Wong, T.-T., Cohen-Or, D., and Heng, P.-A. 2008. Structure-aware halftoning. ACM Trans. Graph. 27, 3 (Aug.), 89:1–89:8. Google ScholarDigital Library
43. Ramamoorthi, R., Mahajan, D., and Belhumeur, P. 2007. A first-order analysis of lighting, shading, and shadows. ACM Trans. Graph. 26, 1 (Jan.). Google ScholarDigital Library
44. Soler, C., Subr, K., Durand, F., Holzschuch, N., and Sillion, F. 2009. Fourier depth of field. ACM Trans. Graph. 28, 2 (May), 18:1–18:12. Google ScholarDigital Library
45. Sun, X., Zhou, K., Lin, S., and Guo, B. 2010. Line space gathering for single scattering in large scenes. ACM Trans. Graph. 29, 4 (July), 54:1–54:8. Google ScholarDigital Library
46. Tzeng, S., Patney, A., Davidson, A., Ebeida, M. S., Mitchell, S. A., and Owens, J. D. 2012. High-quality parallel depth-of-field using line samples. In HPG, 23–31. Google ScholarDigital Library
47. Wei, L.-Y., and Wang, R. 2011. Differential domain analysis for non-uniform sampling. ACM Trans. Graph. 30, 4 (July), 50:1–50:10. Google ScholarDigital Library
48. Wei, L.-Y. 2008. Parallel poisson disk sampling. ACM Trans. Graph. 27, 3 (Aug.), 20:1–20:9. Google ScholarDigital Library
49. Wei, L.-Y. 2010. Multi-class blue noise sampling. ACM Trans. Graph. 29 (July), 79:1–79:8. Google ScholarDigital Library
50. White, K. B., Cline, D., and Egbert, P. K. 2007. Poisson disk point sets by hierarchical dart throwing. In RT, 129–132. Google ScholarDigital Library
51. Zhou, Y., Huang, H., Wei, L.-Y., and Wang, R. 2012. Point sampling with general noise spectrum. ACM Trans. Graph. 31, 4 (July), 76:1–76:11. Google ScholarDigital Library
