“Instant Convolution Shadows for Volumetric Detail Mapping” by Patel, Solteszova, Nordbotten and Bruckner

  • ©Daniel Patel, Veronika Solteszova, Jan Martin Nordbotten, and Stefan Bruckner

Conference:


Type:


Title:

    Instant Convolution Shadows for Volumetric Detail Mapping

Session/Category Title: Fast Rendering

Presenter(s)/Author(s):


Moderator(s):


Abstract:


    In this article, we present a method for rendering dynamic scenes featuring translucent procedural volumetric detail with all-frequency soft shadows being cast from objects residing inside the view frustum. Our approach is based on an approximation of physically correct shadows from distant Gaussian area light sources positioned behind the view plane, using iterative convolution. We present a theoretical and empirical analysis of this model and propose an efficient class of convolution kernels which provide high quality at interactive frame rates. Our GPU-based implementation supports arbitrary volumetric detail maps, requires no precomputation, and therefore allows for real-time modification of all rendering parameters.

References:


    1. Agrawala, M., Ramamoorthi, R., Heirich, A., and Moll, L. 2000. Efficient image-based methods for rendering soft shadows. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques.
    2. Annen, T., Dong, Z., Mertens, T., Bekaert, P., Seidel, H.-P., and Kautz, J. 2008. Real-time, all-frequency shadows in dynamic scenes. ACM Trans. Graph. 27, 3, 34:1–34:8.
    3. Annen, T., Mertens, T., Bekaert, P., Seidel, H.-P., and Kautz, J. 2007. Convolution shadow maps. In Proceedings of the Eurographics Symposium on Rendering. 51–60.
    4. Ash, R. B. and Doleans-Dade, C. A. 1999. Probability and Measure Theory, 2nd ed. Academic Press.
    5. Ashikmin, M., Premoze, S., and Shirley, P. 2000. A microfacet-based brdf generator. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. 65–74.
    6. Baran, I., Chen, J., Ragan-Kelley, J., Durand, F., and Lehtinen, J. 2010. A hierarchical volumetric shadow algorithm for single scattering. ACM Trans. Graph. 29, 6, 178:1–178:10.
    7. Bergner, S., Moller, T., Weiskopf, D., and Muraki, D. J. 2006. A spectral analysis of function composition and its implications for sampling in direct volume visualization. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 12, 5, 1353–1360.
    8. Blinn, J. F. 1978. Simulation of wrinkled surfaces. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. 286–292.
    9. Chen, J., Baran, I., Durand, F., and Jarosz, W. 2011. Real–time volumetric shadows using 1D min-max mipmaps. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games. 39–46.
    10. Chen, Y., Tong, X., Wang, J., Lin, S., Guo, B., and Shum, H.-Y. 2004. Shell texture functions. ACM Trans. Graph. 23, 3, 343–353.
    11. Crassin, C., Neyret, F., Sainz, M., Green, S., and Eisemann, E. 2011. Interactive indirect illumination using voxel cone tracing. Comput. Graph. Forum 30, 7, 1921–1930.
    12. Donnelly, W. and Lauritzen, A. 2006. Variance shadow maps. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games. 161–165.
    13. Eisemann, E., Assarsson, U., Schwarz, M., and Wimmer, M. 2009. Casting shadows in real time. In ACM SIGGRAPH Asia Course Notes.
    14. Eisemann, E. and Decoret, X. 2008. Occlusion textures for plausible soft shadows. Comput. Graph. Forum 27, 1, 13–23.
    15. Engel, K., Kraus, M., and Ertl, T. 2001. High-quality pre-integrated volume rendering using hardware-accelerated pixel shading. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Graphics Hardware. 9–16.
    16. Gruen, H., and Thibieroz, N. 2010. OIT and indirect illumination using dx11 linked lists. Presentation at Game Developers Conference.
    17. Hasenfratz, J.-M., Lapierre, M., Holzschuch, N., and Sillion, F. 2003. A survey of real-time soft shadows algorithms. Comput. Graph. Forum 22, 4, 753–774.
    18. Heckbert, P. S. and Herf, M. 1997. Simulating soft shadows with graphics hardware. Tech. rep. CMU-CS-97-104, Carnegie Mellon University.
    19. Ihrke, I., Ziegler, G., Tevs, A., Theobalt, C., Magnor, M., and Seidel, H.-P. 2007. Eikonal rendering: Efficient light transport in refractive objects. ACM Trans. Graph. 26, 3, 59:1–59:9.
    20. Isidoro, J. R. 2006. Shadow mapping: GPU-based tips and techniques. Presentation at Game Developers Conference.
    21. Jansen J. and Bavoil, L. 2010. Fourier opacity mapping. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games. 165–172.
    22. Jensen, H. W. and Christensen, P. H. 1998. Efficient simulation of light transport in scenes with participating media using photon maps. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. 311–320.
    23. Kaplanyan, A. and Dachsbacher, C. 2010. Cascaded light propagation volumes for real-time indirect illumination. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games. 99–107.
    24. Kniss, J., Premoze, S., Hansen, C., Shirley, P., and Mcpherson, A. 2003. A model for volume lighting and modeling. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 9, 2, 150–162.
    25. Kozlowski, O. and Kautz, J. 2007. Is accurate occlusion of glossy reflections necessary? In Proceedings of the Symposium on Applied Perception in Graphics and Visualization. 91–98.
    26. Kroes, T., Post, F. H., and Botha, C. P. 2012. Exposure render: An interactive photo-realistic volume rendering framework. PLoS ONE 7, 7.
    27. Lokovic, T. and Veach, E. 2000. Deep shadow maps. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. 385–392.
    28. Max, N. 1991. Unified sun and sky illumination for shadows under trees. Graph. Models Image Process. 53, 3, 223–230.
    29. Meyer, A. and Neyret, F. 1998. Interactive volumetric textures. In Proceedings of the Eurographics Workshop on Rendering. 157–168.
    30. Oliveira, M. M., Bishop, G., and McAllister, D. 2000. Relief texture mapping. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. 359–368.
    31. O’Shea, J. P., Banks, M. S., and Agrawala, M. 2008. The assumed light direction for perceiving shape from shading. In Proceedings of the 5th Symposium on Applied Perception in Graphics and Visualization. 135–142.
    32. Peng, J., Kristjansson, D., and Zorin, D. 2004. Interactive modeling of topologically complex geometric detail. ACM Trans. Graph. 23, 3, 635–643.
    33. Perlin, K. 2002. Improving noise. ACM Trans. Graph. 21, 3, 681–682.
    34. Pharr, M. and Humphreys, G. 2010. Physically Based Rendering: From Theory to Implementation, 2nd ed. Morgan Kaufmann, San Fransisco.
    35. Policarpo, F. and Oliveira, M. M. 2006. Relief mapping of non-height-field surface details. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games.55–62.
    36. Porumbescu, S. D., Budge, B., Feng, L., and Joy, K. I. 2005. Shell maps. ACM Trans. Graph. 24, 3, 626–633.
    37. Ritschel, T., Grosch, T., and Seidel, H.-P. 2009. Approximating dynamic global illumination in image space. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games. 75–82.
    38. Scherzer, D., Wimmer, M., and Purgathofer, W. 2011. A survey of real-time hard shadow mapping methods. Comput. Graph. Forum 30, 1, 169–186.
    39. Schott, M., Pegoraro, V., Hansen, C., Boulanger, K., and Bouatouch, K. 2009. A directional occlusion shading model for interactive direct volume rendering. Comput. Graph. Forum 28, 3, 855–862.
    40. Shade, J., Gortler, S., He, L.-W., and Szeliski, R. 1998. Layered depth images. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. 231–242.
    41. Sillion, F. X. and Puech, C. 1994. Radiosity and Global Illumination. Morgan Kaufmann, San Fransisco.
    42. Soler, C. and Sillion, F. X. 1998. Fast calculation of soft shadow textures using convolution. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques. 321–332.
    43. Sun, X., Zhou, K., Stollnitz, E., Shi, J., and Guo, B. 2008. Interactive relighting of dynamic refractive objects. ACM Trans. Graph. 27, 3, 35:1–35:9.
    44. Trapp, M., and Dollner, J. 2008. Real-time volumetric tests using layered depth images. In Proceedings of the Eurographics Short Papers. 235–238.
    45. Solteszova, V., Patel, D., Bruckner, S., and Viola, I. 2010. A multidirectional occlusion shading model for direct volume rendering. Comput. Graph. Forum 29, 3, 883–891.
    46. Wang, X., Tong, X., Lin, S., Hu, S., Guo, B., and Shum, H.-Y. 2004. Generalized displacement maps. In Proceedings of the Eurographics Symposium on Rendering. 227–234.
    47. Woo, A., Poulin, P., and Fournier, A. 1990. A survey of shadow algorithms. IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. 10, 6, 13–32.
    48. Yu, I., Cox, A., Kim, M. H., Ritschel, T., Grosch, T., Dachsbacher, C., and Kautz, J. 2009. Perceptual influence of approximate visibility in indirect illumination. ACM Trans. Appl. Percept. 6, 4, 24:1–24:14.
    49. Zhang, C. and Crawfis, R. 2003. Shadows and soft shadows with participating media using splatting. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 9, 2, 139–149.

ACM Digital Library Publication:


Overview Page: