“Imaging vector fields using line integral convolution” by Cabral and Leedom

Imaging vector fields has applications in science, art, image processing and special effects. An effective new approach is to use
linear and curvilinear filtering techniques to locally blur textures
along a vector field. This approach builds on several previous texture generation and filtering techniques[8, 9, 11, 14, 15, 17, 23]. It
is, however, unique because it is local, one-dimensional and independent of any predefined geometry or texture. The technique is
general and capable of imaging arbitrary two- and three-dimensional vector fields. The local one-dimensional nature of the algorithm lends itself to highly parallel and efficient implementations.
Furthermore, the curvilinear filter is capable of rendering detail on
very intricate vector fields. Combining this technique with other
rendering and image processing techniques — like periodic motion
filtering — results in richly informative and striking images. The
technique can also produce novel special effects

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