“Expression cloning” by Noh and Neumann

  • ©Jun-yong Noh and Ulrich Neumann

Conference:


Type(s):


Title:

    Expression cloning

Presenter(s)/Author(s):



Abstract:


    We present a novel approach to producing facial expression animations for new models. Instead of creating new facial animations from scratch for each new model created, we take advantage of existing animation data in the form of vertex motion vectors. Our method allows animations created by any tools or methods to be easily retargeted to new models. We call this process expression cloning and it provides a new alternative for creating facial animations for character models. Expression cloning makes it meaningful to compile a high-quality facial animation library since this data can be reused for new models. Our method transfers vertex motion vectors from a source face model to a target model having different geometric proportions and mesh structure (vertex number and connectivity). With the aid of an automated heuristic correspondence search, expression cloning typically requires a user to select fewer than ten points in the model. Cloned expression animations preserve the relative motions, dynamics, and character of the original facial animations.

References:


    1. S. Basu, N. Oliver, A. Pentland, 3D Modeling and Tracking of Human Lip Motions, ICCV, 1998, 337-343
    2. A. Bruderlin, L. Williams, Motion Signal Processing, SIGGRAPH 95 Proceedings, 1995, 97-104
    3. M. Cohen, D. Massaro, Modeling Co-articulation in Synthetic Visual Speech. In N. Magnenat-Thalmann, and D. Thalmann Editors, Model and Technique in Computer Animation, 1993, 139-156, Springer-Verlag, Tokyo
    4. M. Eck, T. DeRose, T. Duchamp, Multiresolution Analysis of Arbitrary Meshes, SIGGRAPH 95 Proceedings, 1995, 173-182
    5. M. Eck, Interpolation Methods for Reconstruction of 3D Surfaces from Sequences of Planar Slices, CAD und Computergraphik, Vol. 13, No. 5, Feb. 1991, 109 – 120
    6. R. Enciso, J. Li, D. Fidaleo, T-Y. Kim, J-Y.Noh, U. Neumann, Synthesis of 3D Faces, International Workshop on Digital and Computational Video, 2000
    7. M. Escher, I. Pandzic, N. Thalmann, Facial Deformations for MPEG-4, IEEE Computer Animation, 1998, 56 – 62
    8. D. Fidaleo, J-Y. Noh, T. Kim, R. Enciso, U.Neumann, Classification and Volume Morphing for Performance- Driven Facial Animation, International Workshop on Digital and Computational Video, 2000
    9. M. Gleicher, Retargetting Motion to New Characters, SIGGRAPH 98 Proceedings, 1998, 33 – 42
    10. G.H. Golub, M. Heath, G. Wahba. Generalized Crossvalidation as a Method for Choosing a Good Ridge Parameter. Technometrics, 21(2):215-223, 1979
    11. B. Guenter, C. Grimm, D. Wood, H. Malvar, F. Pighin, Making Faces, SIGGRAPH 98 Proceedings, 1998, 55 – 66
    12. P. Kalra, A. Mangili, N. M. Thalmann, D. Thalmann, Simulation of Facial Muscle Actions Based on Rational Free From Deformations, Eurographics 1992, vol. 11(3) 59-69
    13. T. Kanai, H. Suzuki, F. Kimura, Metamorphosis of Arbitrary Triangular Meshes, Computer Graphics and Applications, March 2000, 62-75
    14. J.R. Kent, W.E. Carlson, R.E. Parent, Shape Transformation for Polyhedral Objects, SIGGRAPH 92 Proceedings, 1992, 47-54
    15. A.W. F. Lee, D. Dobkin, W. Sweldens, P. Schroder, Multiresolution Mesh Morphing, SIGGRAPH 99 Proceedings, 1999, 343-350
    16. Y.C. Lee, D. Terzopoulos, K. Waters, Realistic Face Modeling for Animation. SIGGRAPH 95 Proceedings, 1995, 55-62
    17. J.P. Lewis, M. Cordner, N. Fong, Pose Space Deformation: A Unified Approach to Shape Interpolation and Skeleton- Drive Deformation, SIGGRAPH 00 Proceedings, 2000, 165- 172
    18. T. Maurer, C. Malsburg, “Tracking and Learning Graphs and Pose in Image Sequences of Faces”, ICAFGR 1996, 242-247
    19. J.E. Moody, The Effective Number of Parameters: An Analysis of Generalization and Regularization in Nonlinear Learning Systems, Neural Information Processing Systems 4, 847-854, Morgan Kaufmann, California, 1992
    20. M. J. L. Orr, Optimizing the Widths of RBFs, Fifth Brazilian Symposium on Neural Networks, Brazil, 1998
    21. J. Ostermann, Animation of Synthetic Faces in MPEG-4, IEEE Computer Animation, 1998, 49 – 55
    22. F.I. Parke, Parameterized Models for Facial Animation. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 1982, vol. 2(9) 61 – 68
    23. F. Pighin, J. Hecker, D. Lischinski, R. Szeliski, D.H. Salesin, Synthesizing Realistic Facial Expressions from Photographs, SIGGRAPH 98 Proceedings, 1998, 75-84
    24. S. Platt, N. Badler, Animating facial expression. Computer Graphics, 1981, vol. 15(3), 245-252
    25. W. Pratt, Digital Image Processing, Second Edition, A Wiley-Interscience Publication, ISBN 0-471-85766-1, 1991
    26. F. Preparata, M. Shamos, Computational Geometry-An Introduction. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1985
    27. Y. Shinagawa, T.L. Kunii, Unconstrained Automatic Image Matching Using Multiresolution Critical-Point Filters, IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 20, No. 9, 1998, 994 – 1010
    28. M. Stone, Toward a Model of Three-Dimensional Tongue Movement. Journal of Phonetics, 1991, Vol. 19, 309-320
    29. F. Ulgen, A Step Toward Universal Facial Animation via Volume Morphing, 6 th IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human communication, 1997, 358-363
    30. K. Waters, J. Frisbie, A Coordinated Muscle Model for Speech Animation, Graphics Interface, 1995, 163 – 170
    31. K. Waters. A Muscle Model for Animating Three- Dimensional Facial Expression. In Maureen C. Stone, editor, Computer Graphics, SIGGRAPH 87 Proceedings, 1987, vol. 21, 17-24
    32. L. Williams, Performance Driven Facial Animation, SIGGRAPH 90 Proceedings, 1990, 235 – 242


ACM Digital Library Publication:



Overview Page: