“Cinema 3D: large scale automultiscopic display”
Conference:
Type(s):
Title:
- Cinema 3D: large scale automultiscopic display
Abstract:
While 3D movies are gaining popularity, viewers in a 3D cinema still need to wear cumbersome glasses in order to enjoy them. Automultiscopic displays provide a better alternative to the display of 3D content, as they present multiple angular images of the same scene without the need for special eyewear. However, automultiscopic displays cannot be directly implemented in a wide cinema setting due to variants of two main problems: (i) The range of angles at which the screen is observed in a large cinema is usually very wide, and there is an unavoidable tradeoff between the range of angular images supported by the display and its spatial or angular resolutions. (ii) Parallax is usually observed only when a viewer is positioned at a limited range of distances from the screen. This work proposes a new display concept, which supports automultiscopic content in a wide cinema setting. It builds on the typical structure of cinemas, such as the fixed seat positions and the fact that different rows are located on a slope at different heights. Rather than attempting to display many angular images spanning the full range of viewing angles in a wide cinema, our design only displays the narrow angular range observed within the limited width of a single seat. The same narrow range content is then replicated to all rows and seats in the cinema. To achieve this, it uses an optical construction based on two sets of parallax barriers, or lenslets, placed in front of a standard screen. This paper derives the geometry of such a display, analyzes its limitations, and demonstrates a proof-of-concept prototype.
References:
1. Balogh, T. 2006. The holovizio system. In Electronic Imaging 2006, International Society for Optics and Photonics, 60550U–60550U.Google Scholar
2. Bogaert, L., Meuret, Y., Roelandt, S., Avci, A., De Smet, H., and Thienpont, H. 2010. Single projector multiview displays: directional illumination compared to beam steering. In IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging, International Society for Optics and Photonics, 75241R–75241R.Google Scholar
3. Dodgson, N., Moore, J., Lang, S., Martin, G., and Canepa, P. 2000. A time-sequential multi-projector autostereoscopic display. Journal of the Society for Information Display 8, 2, 169–176.Google ScholarCross Ref
4. Du, S.-P., Didyk, P., Durand, F., Hu, S.-M., and Matusik, W. 2014. Improving visual quality of view transitions in automultiscopic displays. ACM Transactions on Graphics (Proceedings SIGGRAPH Asia 2014, Shenzhen, China) 33, 6. Google ScholarDigital Library
5. Funk, W. 2012. History of autostereoscopic cinema. Proc. SPIE 8288, 82880R–82880R-25.Google ScholarCross Ref
6. Hirsch, M., Wetzstein, G., and Raskar, R. 2014. A compressive light field projection system. ACM Trans. Graph. 33, 4 (July), 58:1–58:12. Google ScholarDigital Library
7. Ives, F., 1903. Parallax stereogram and process of making same., Apr. 14. US Patent 725,567.Google Scholar
8. Jones, A., Unger, J., Nagano, K., Busch, J., Yu, X., Peng, H.-Y., Alexander, O., Bolas, M., and Debevec, P. 2015. An automultiscopic projector array for interactive digital humans. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2015 Emerging Technologies, SIGGRAPH ’15. Google ScholarDigital Library
9. Lanman, D., Hirsch, M., Kim, Y., and Raskar, R. 2010. Content-adaptive parallax barriers: optimizing dual-layer 3d displays using low-rank light field factorization. ACM Trans. Graph. 29, 6, 163:1–163:10. Google ScholarDigital Library
10. Lippmann, G. 1908. Épreuves réversibles donnant la sensation du relief. J. Phys. Theor. Appl. 7, 1, 821–825.Google ScholarCross Ref
11. Lv, G.-J., Wang, Q.-H., Zhao, W.-X., and Wang, J. 2014. 3d display based on parallax barrier with multiview zones. Appl. Opt. 53, 7 (Mar), 1339–1342.Google ScholarCross Ref
12. Masia, B., Wetzstein, G., Didyk, P., and Gutierrez, D. 2013. A survey on computational displays: Pushing the boundaries of optics, computation, and perception. Computers & Graphics 37, 8, 1012–1038. Google ScholarDigital Library
13. Matusik, W., and Pfister, H. 2004. 3d tv: a scalable system for real-time acquisition, transmission, and autostereoscopic display of dynamic scenes. In ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG), vol. 23, ACM, 814–824. Google ScholarDigital Library
14. Nagano, K., Jones, A., Liu, J., Busch, J., Yu, X., Bolas, M., and Debevec, P. 2013. An autostereoscopic projector array optimized for 3d facial display. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2013 Emerging Technologies, SIGGRAPH ’13. Google ScholarDigital Library
15. Nashel, A., and Fuchs, H. 2009. Random hole display: A non-uniform barrier autostereoscopic display. In 3DTV Conference: The True Vision – Capture, Transmission and Display of 3D Video, 2009, 1–4.Google Scholar
16. Peterka, T., Kooima, R. L., Sandin, D. J., Johnson, A., Leigh, J., DeFanti, T., et al. 2008. Advances in the dynallax solid-state dynamic parallax barrier autostereoscopic visualization display system. Visualization and Computer Graphics, IEEE Transactions on 14, 3, 487–499. Google ScholarDigital Library
17. Ranieri, N., Heinzle, S., Smithwick, Q., Reetz, D., Smoot, L. S., Matusik, W., and Gross, M. 2012. Multi-layered automultiscopic displays. Computer Graphics Forum 31, 7pt2, 2135–2143. Google ScholarDigital Library
18. Takaki, Y., and Nago, N. 2010. Multi-projection of lenticular displays to construct a 256-view super multi-view display. Optics express 18, 9, 8824–8835.Google Scholar
19. Urey, H., Chellappan, K. V., Erden, E., and Surman, P. 2011. State of the art in stereoscopic and autostereoscopic displays. Proceedings of the IEEE 99, 4, 540–555.Google ScholarCross Ref
20. Wetzstein, G., Lanman, D., Heidrich, W., and Raskar, R. 2011. Layered 3D: Tomographic image synthesis for attenuation-based light field and high dynamic range displays. ACM Trans. Graph. 30, 4. Google ScholarDigital Library
21. Wetzstein, G., Lanman, D., Hirsch, M., and Raskar, R. 2012. Tensor Displays: Compressive Light Field Synthesis using Multilayer Displays with Directional Backlighting. ACM Trans. Graph. (Proc. SIGGRAPH) 31, 4, 1–11. Google ScholarDigital Library
22. Ye, G., State, A., and Fuchs, H. 2010. A practical multi-viewer tabletop autostereoscopic display. In Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR), 2010 9th IEEE International Symposium on, IEEE, 147–156.Google Scholar
23. Yi, S.-Y., Chae, H.-B., and Lee, S.-H. 2008. Moving parallax barrier design for eye-tracking autostereoscopic displays. In 3DTV Conference: The True Vision-Capture, Transmission and Display of 3D Video, 2008, IEEE, 165–168.Google Scholar
24. Zomet, A., Feldman, D., Peleg, S., and Weinshall, D. 2003. Mosaicing new views: The crossed-slits projection. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 25, 6 (June), 741–754. Google ScholarDigital Library
