“A multi-scale model for simulating liquid-hair interactions” by Fei, Maia, Batty, Zheng and Grinspun
Conference:
Type:
Title:
- A multi-scale model for simulating liquid-hair interactions
Session/Category Title: Clever Solids
Presenter(s)/Author(s):
Moderator(s):
Abstract:
The diverse interactions between hair and liquid are complex and span multiple length scales, yet are central to the appearance of humans and animals in many situations. We therefore propose a novel multi-component simulation framework that treats many of the key physical mechanisms governing the dynamics of wet hair. The foundations of our approach are a discrete rod model for hair and a particle-in-cell model for fluids. To treat the thin layer of liquid that clings to the hair, we augment each hair strand with a height field representation. Our contribution is to develop the necessary physical and numerical models to evolve this new system and the interactions among its components. We develop a new reduced-dimensional liquid model to solve the motion of the liquid along the length of each hair, while accounting for its moving reference frame and influence on the hair dynamics. We derive a faithful model for surface tension-induced cohesion effects between adjacent hairs, based on the geometry of the liquid bridges that connect them. We adopt an empirically-validated drag model to treat the effects of coarse-scale interactions between hair and surrounding fluid, and propose new volume-conserving dripping and absorption strategies to transfer liquid between the reduced and particle-in-cell liquid representations. The synthesis of these techniques yields an effective wet hair simulator, which we use to animate hair flipping, an animal shaking itself dry, a spinning car wash roller brush dunked in liquid, and intricate hair coalescence effects, among several additional scenarios.
References:
1. Ryoichi Ando and Reiji Tsuruno. 2011. A particle-based method for preserving fluid sheets. In Proceedings of the 2011 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on computer animation. ACM, 7–16. Google ScholarDigital Library
2. Omri Azencot, Orestis Vantzos, Max Wardetzky, Martin Rumpf, and Mirela BenChen. 2015. Functional thin films on surfaces. In Proceedings of the 14th ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation. ACM, 137–146. Google ScholarDigital Library
3. C Barba, M Martí, J Carilla, AM Manich, and L Coderch. 2013. Moisture sorption/desorption of protein fibres. Thermochimica acta 552 (2013), 70–76. Google ScholarCross Ref
4. Christopher Batty, Florence Bertails, and Robert Bridson. 2007. A fast variational framework for accurate solid-fluid coupling. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 26, 3 (2007), 100.Google ScholarDigital Library
5. Miklos Bergou, Basile Audoly, Etienne Vouga, Max Wardetzky, and Eitan Grinspun. 2010. Discrete viscous threads. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 29, 4 (2010), 116.Google ScholarDigital Library
6. Miklós Bergou, Max Wardetzky, Stephen Robinson, Basile Audoly, and Eitan Grinspun. 2008. Discrete elastic rods. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 27, 3 (2008), 63:1–63:12.Google ScholarDigital Library
7. Florence Bertails, Basile Audoly, Bernard Querleux, Frédéric Leroy, Jean-Luc Lévêque, and Marie-Paule Cani. 2005. Predicting natural hair shapes by solving the statics of flexible rods. In Eurographics short papers.Google Scholar
8. José Bico, Benoit Roman, Loic Moulin, and Arezki Boudaoud. 2004. Adhesion: elasto-capillary coalescence in wet hair. Nature 432, 7018 (2004), 690.Google ScholarCross Ref
9. Pavel Bochev, Denis Ridzal, and Mikhail Shashkov. 2013. Fast optimization-based conservative remap of scalar fields through aggregate mass transfer. J. Comput. Phys. 246 (2013), 37–57. Google ScholarCross Ref
10. Robert Bridson. 2015. Fluid simulation for computer graphics, 2nd edition. A. K. Peters, Ltd.Google Scholar
11. Menglei Chai, Changxi Zheng, and Kun Zhou. 2014. A reduced model for interactive hairs. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 33, 4 (2014), 124.Google ScholarDigital Library
12. Menglei Chai, Changxi Zheng, and Kun Zhou. 2016. Adaptive Skinning for Interactive Hair-Solid Simulation. IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics (2016).Google Scholar
13. R. V. Craster and O. K. Matar. 2006. On viscous beads flowing down a vertical wire. J. Fluid Mech. 553 (2006), 85–105. Google ScholarCross Ref
14. Andrew K. Dickerson, Zachary G. Mills, and David L. Hu. 2012. Wet mammals shake at tuned frequencies to dry. Journal of the Royal Society Interface 9, 77 (2012), 3208–3218. Google ScholarCross Ref
15. J. E. Drummond and M. I. Tahir. 1984. Laminar viscous flow through regular arrays of parallel solid cylinders. International Journal of Multiphase Flow 10, 5 (1984), 515–540. Google ScholarCross Ref
16. C. Duprat, S. Protiere, A. Y. Beebe, and H. A. Stone. 2012. Wetting of flexible fibre arrays. Nature 482, 7386 (2012), 510–513. Google ScholarCross Ref
17. Sabri Ergun. 1952. Fluid flow through packed columns. Chem. Eng. Prog. 48 (1952), 89–94.Google Scholar
18. Galen Gornowicz and Silviu Borac. 2015. Efficient and stable approach to elasticity and collisions for hair animation. In Proceedings of the 2015 Symposium on Digital Production. ACM, 41–49. Google ScholarDigital Library
19. Gaël Guennebaud, Benoît Jacob, and others. 2010. Eigen v3. http://eigen.tuxfamily.org. (2010).Google Scholar
20. Sunil Hadap, Marie-Paule Cani, Florence Bertails, Ming Lin, Kelly Ward, Stephen Marschner, Tae-Yong Kim, and Zoran Kacic-Alesic. 2007. Strands and hair – Modeling, simulation and rendering. In SIGGRAPH Courses. 1–150.Google Scholar
21. Sunil Hadap and Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann. 2001. Modeling dynamic hair as a continuum. Computer Graphics Forum 20, 3 (2001), 329–338. Google ScholarCross Ref
22. Dongsoo Han and Takahiro Harada. 2013. Tridiagonal matrix formulation for inextensible hair strand simulation. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Virtual Reality Interaction and Physical Simulation. The Eurographics Association.Google Scholar
23. JGI Hellström and TS Lundström. 2006. Flow through porous media at moderate Reynolds number. In International Scientific Colloquium: Modelling for Material Processing, Vol. 2. 129–134.Google Scholar
24. Hayley Iben, Mark Meyer, Lena Petrovic, Olivier Soares, John Anderson, and Andrew Witkin. 2013. Artistic simulation of curly hair. In Proceedings of the 12th ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation. ACM, 63–71. Google ScholarDigital Library
25. Markus Ihmsen, Jens Orthmann, Barbara Solenthaler, Andreas Kolb, and Matthias Teschner. 2014. SPH fluids in computer graphics. In Eurographics State of the Art Reports.Google Scholar
26. Graham W. Jackson and David F. James. 1986. The permeability of fibrous porous media. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering 64, 3 (1986), 364–374. Google ScholarCross Ref
27. Chenfanfu Jiang, Craig Schroeder, Andrew Selle, Joseph Teran, and Alexey Stomakhin. 2015. The affine particle-in-cell method. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 34, 4 (2015), 51.Google ScholarDigital Library
28. Michael Kass and Gavin Miller. 1990. Rapid, stable fluid dynamics for computer graphics. SIGGRAPH Comput. Graph. 24, 4 (1990), 49–57. Google ScholarDigital Library
29. Danny M. Kaufman, Rasmus Tamstorf, Breannan Smith, Jean-Marie Aubry, and Eitan Grinspun. 2014. Adaptive nonlinearity for collisions in complex rod assemblies. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 33, 4, Article 123 (2014), 12 pages.Google ScholarDigital Library
30. Tassilo Kugelstadt and Elmar Schömer. 2016. Position and orientation based Cosserat rods. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation. Eurographics Association, 169–178.Google Scholar
31. Toon Lenaerts, Bart Adams, and Philip Dutré. 2008. Porous flow in particle-based fluid simulations. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 27, 3 (2008), 49.Google ScholarDigital Library
32. Guoping Lian, Colin Thornton, and Michael J Adams. 1993. A theoretical study of the liquid bridge forces between two rigid spherical bodies. Journal of colloid and interface science 161, 1 (1993), 138–147. Google ScholarCross Ref
33. Wei-Chin Lin. 2014. Coupling hair with smoothed particle hydrodynamics fluids. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Virtual Reality Interaction and Physical Simulation.Google Scholar
34. Wei-Chin Lin. 2015. Boundary handling and porous flow for fluid-hair interactions. Computers and Graphics 52 (2015), 33–43. Google ScholarDigital Library
35. T Liu, KF Choi, and Y Li. 2007. Capillary rise between cylinders. Journal of physics D: Applied physics 40, 16 (2007), 5006.Google ScholarCross Ref
36. Élise Lorenceau, Christophe Clanet, and David Quéré. 2004. Capturing drops with a thin fiber. Journal of colloid and interface science 279, 1 (2004), 192–197. Google ScholarCross Ref
37. Aleka McAdams, Andrew Selle, Kelly Ward, Eftychios Sifakis, and Joseph Teran. 2009. Detail preserving continuum simulation of straight hair. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 28, 3 (2009), 62.Google ScholarDigital Library
38. José Meseguer and Angel Sanz. 1985. Numerical and experimental study of the dynamics of axisymmetric liquid bridges. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 153 (1985), 83–101. Google ScholarCross Ref
39. Rajat Mittal and Gianluca Iaccarino. 2005. Immersed boundary methods. Annual review of fluid mechanics 37 (2005), 239–261. Google ScholarCross Ref
40. J. J. Monaghan. 1994. Simulating free surface flows with SPH. J. Comp. Phys. 110, 2 (1994), 399–406. Google ScholarDigital Library
41. Matthias Müller, David Charypar, and Markus Gross. 2003. Particle-based fluid simulation for interactive applications. In Symposium on Computer Animation. 154–159.Google Scholar
42. Matthias Müller, Tae-Yong Kim, and Nuttapong Chentanez. 2012. Fast simulation of inextensible hair and fur.. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Virtual Reality Interaction and Physical Simulation, Vol. 12. 39–44.Google Scholar
43. P Nithiarasu, KN Seetharamu, and T Sundararajan. 1997. Natural convective heat transfer in a fluid saturated variable porosity medium. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 40, 16 (1997), 3955–3967. Google ScholarCross Ref
44. C. Py, R. Bastien, José Bico, B. Roman, and A. Boudaoud. 2007. 3D aggregation of wet fibers. Europhysics letters 77, 4 (2007), 44005.Google Scholar
45. Avi Robinson-Mosher, Tamar Shinar, Jon Gretarsson, Jonathan Su, and Ronald Fedkiw. 2008. Two-way coupling of fluids to rigid and deformable solids and shells. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 27, 3 (2008), 46.Google ScholarDigital Library
46. Benoit Roman and José Bico. 2010. Elasto-capillarity: deforming an elastic structure with a liquid droplet. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 22, 49 (2010), 493101.Google ScholarCross Ref
47. W. Rungjiratananon, Y. Kanamori, and T. Nishita. 2012. Wetting effects in hair simulation. Computer Graphics Forum 31, 7 (2012), 1993–2002. Google ScholarDigital Library
48. A. S. Sangani and A. Acrivos. 1982. Slow flow past periodic arrays of cylinders with application to heat transfer. International Journal of Multiphase Flow 8, 3 (1982), 193–206. Google ScholarCross Ref
49. Andrew Selle, Michael Lentine, and Ronald Fedkiw. 2008. A mass spring model for hair simulation. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 27, 3 (2008), 64.Google ScholarDigital Library
50. Kiran Singh, John R. Lister, and Dominic Vella. 2014. A fluid-mechanical model of elastocapillary coalescence. J. Fluid Mech. 745 (2014), 621–646. Google ScholarCross Ref
51. Jos Stam. 1999. Stable fluids. In Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques. ACM Press/Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., 121–128. Google ScholarDigital Library
52. Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos, Andrew Yeckel, Jeffrey J Derby, Xiao-Juan Luo, Mark S Shephard, Edward A Sander, and Victor H Barocas. 2008. Permeability calculations in three-dimensional isotropic and oriented fiber networks. Physics of Fluids 20, 12 (2008), 123601.Google ScholarCross Ref
53. Maxime Tournier, Matthieu Nesme, Benjamin Gilles, and François Faure. 2015. Stable constrained dynamics. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 34, 4 (2015), 132.Google ScholarDigital Library
54. Alexander Virozub, Nir Haimovich, and Simon Brandon. 2009. Three-dimensional simulations of liquid bridges between two cylinders: forces, energies, and torques. Langmuir 25, 22 (2009), 12837–12842. Google ScholarCross Ref
55. C. B. Vreugdenhil. 1994. Numerical methods for shallow-water flow. 262 pages. Google ScholarCross Ref
56. Huamin Wang, Gavin Miller, and Greg Turk. 2007. Solving general shallow wave equations on surfaces. In Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation. Eurographics Association, 229–238.Google ScholarDigital Library
57. Qianbin Wang, Bin Su, Huan Liu, and Lei Jiang. 2014. Chinese brushes: Controllable liquid transfer in ratchet conical hairs. Advanced Materials 26, 28 (2014), 4889–4894. Google ScholarCross Ref
58. Kelly Ward, Florence Bertails, Tae-Yong Kim, Stephen R. Marschner, Marie-Paule Cani, and Ming C. Lin. 2007. A survey on hair modeling: Styling, simulation, and rendering. IEEE TVCG 13, 2 (2007), 213–234. Google ScholarDigital Library
59. Kelly Ward, Nico Galoppo, and Ming C. Lin. 2004. Modeling hair influenced by water and styling products. In Computer Animation and Social Agents.Google Scholar
60. Kelly Ward, Nico Galoppo, and Ming C Lin. 2007. Interactive virtual hair salon. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 16, 3 (2007), 237–251. Google ScholarDigital Library
61. Kelly Ward and Ming C Lin. 2003. Adaptive grouping and subdivision for simulating hair dynamics. In Proceedings of 11th Pacific Conference on Computer Graphics and Applications. IEEE, 234–243. Google ScholarCross Ref
62. Kelly Ward, Ming C Lin, Lee Joohi, Susan Fisher, and Dean Macri. 2003. Modeling hair using level-of-detail representations. In Proceedings of 16th International Conference on Computer Animation and Social Agents. IEEE, 41–47. Google ScholarCross Ref
63. Edward W Washburn. 1921. The dynamics of capillary flow. Physical review 17, 3 (1921), 273.Google Scholar
64. Stephen Whitaker. 1996. The Forchheimer equation: a theoretical development. Transport in Porous media 25, 1 (1996), 27–61. Google ScholarCross Ref
65. Thomas Young. 1805. An essay on the cohesion of fluids. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 95 (1805), 65–87. Google ScholarCross Ref
