“Sculpting by numbers”
Conference:
Type(s):
Title:
- Sculpting by numbers
Session/Category Title: Sculpting, Stacking, Structure and Boxes
Presenter(s)/Author(s):
Abstract:
We propose a method that allows an unskilled user to create an accurate physical replica of a digital 3D model. We use a projector/camera pair to scan a work in progress, and project multiple forms of guidance onto the object itself that indicate which areas need more material, which need less, and where any ridges, valleys or depth discontinuities are. The user adjusts the model using the guidance and iterates, making the shape of the physical object approach that of the target 3D model over time. We show how this approach can be used to create a duplicate of an existing object, by scanning the object and using that scan as the target shape. The user is free to make the reproduction at a different scale and out of different materials: we turn a toy car into cake. We extend the technique to support replicating a sequence of models to create stop-motion video. We demonstrate an end-to-end system in which real-world performance capture data is retargeted to claymation. Our approach allows users to easily and accurately create complex shapes, and naturally supports a large range of materials and model sizes.
References:
1. Adams, A., Horowitz, M., Park, S. H., Gelfand, N., Baek, J., Matusik, W., Levoy, M., Jacobs, D. E., Dolson, J., Tico, M., Pulli, K., Talvala, E.-V., Ajdin, B., Vaquero, D., and Lensch, H. P. A. 2010. The Frankencamera. ACM Trans. Graph. 29, 4 (July), 1.
2. Bimber, O., and Raskar, R. 2005. Spatial augmented reality: merging real and virtual worlds. A. K. Peters, Ltd., Natick, MA, USA.
3. Caspi, D., Kiryati, N., and Shamir, J. 1998. Range imaging with adaptive color structured light. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 20, 470–480.
4. Chen, F., Brown, G. M., and Song, M. 2000. Overview of three-dimensional shape measurement using optical methods. Optical Engineering 39, 10.
5. Coke, V. D. 1964. The painter and the photograph: from Delacroix to Warhol. University of New Mexico Press.
6. Curless, B., and Levoy, M. 1995. Better optical triangulation through spacetime analysis. Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Computer Vision (June), 987–994.
7. Dixon, D., Prasad, M., and Hammond, T. 2010. iCanDraw: using sketch recognition and corrective feedback to assist a user in drawing human faces. In Proceedings of the 28th international conference on Human factors in computing systems, ACM, New York, NY, USA, CHI ’10, 897–906.
8. Drumm, B., 2011. Printrbot. http://www.printrbot.com/.
9. Flagg, M., and Rehg, J. M. 2006. Projector-guided painting. In Proceedings of the 19th annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology, ACM, New York, NY, USA, UIST ’06, 235–244.
10. Hildebrand, K., Bickel, B., and Alexa, M. 2012. crdbrd: Shape Fabrication by Sliding Planar Slices. In Computer Graphics Forum (Eurographics 2012), vol. 31.
11. Hokanson, T., and Reilly, C. DIYLILCNC. http://diylilcnc.org/.
12. Inokuchi, S., Sato, K., and Matsuda, F. 1984. Range-imaging for 3D object recognition. ICPR, 806–808.
13. Kelly, S. Bluumax CNC. http://www.bluumaxcnc.com/Gantry-Router.html.
14. Kilian, M., Flöry, S., Chen, Z., Mitra, N. J., Sheffer, A., and Pottmann, H. 2008. Curved folding. ACM Trans. Graph. 27, 3 (Aug.), 75:1–75:9.
15. Kragic, D., Kragic, D., Marayong, P., Li, M., Okamura, A. M., and Hager, G. D. 2005. Human-machine collaborative systems for microsurgical applications. International Journal of Robotics Research 24, 731–741.
16. Lau, M., Ohgawara, A., Mitani, J., and Igarashi, T. 2011. Converting 3D furniture models to fabricatable parts and connectors. ACM Trans. Graph. 30, 4 (Aug.), 85:1–85:6.
17. Lee, Y. J., Zitnick, C. L., and Cohen, M. F. 2011. ShadowDraw. ACM Trans. Graph. 30, 4 (July), 27:1–27:10.
18. Levoy, M., Ginsberg, J., Shade, J., Fulk, D., Pulli, K., Curless, B., Rusinkiewicz, S., Koller, D., Pereira, L., Ginzton, M., Anderson, S., and Davis, J. 2000. The digital Michelangelo project. In Proceedings of the 27th annual conference on computer graphics and interactive techniques, ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 131–144.
19. MakerBot Industries. MakerBot. http://www.makerbot.com/.
20. Mako Surgical. RIO Robotic Arm Interactive System.
21. McCrae, J., Singh, K., and Mitra, N. J. 2011. Slices: a shape-proxy based on planar sections. ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG) 30, 6 (Dec.), 168.
22. Mori, Y., and Igarashi, T. 2007. Plushie: an interactive design system for plush toys. ACM Trans. Graph. 26, 3 (Aug.), 45:1–45:7.
23. Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, Danly, S., and Leibold, C. 1994. Eakins and the photograph: works by Thomas Eakins and his circle in the collection of the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. Published for the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts by the Smithsonian Institution Press.
24. Raskar, R., Welch, G., and Fuchs, H. 1998. Spatially augmented reality. In In First IEEE Workshop on Augmented Reality (IWAR98, 11–20.
25. Rivers, A., Moyer, I. E., and Durand, F. 2012. Position-Correcting Tools for 2D Digital Fabrication. ACM Trans. Graph. 31, 4.
26. Rusinkiewicz, S., Hall-Holt, O., and Levoy, M. 2002. Real-time 3D model acquisition. ACM Trans. Graph. 21, 3 (July), 438–446.
27. Sells, E., Smith, Z., Bailard, S., Bowyer, A., and Olliver, V. 2009. RepRap: The Replicating Rapid Prototyper-maximizing customizability by breeding the means of production. Handbook of Research in Mass Customization and Personalization 1, 568–580.
28. Sheng, J., Balakrishnan, R., and Singh, K. 2006. An interface for virtual 3D sculpting via physical proxy. In Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques in Australasia and Southeast Asia, ACM, New York, NY, USA, GRAPHITE ’06, 213–220.
29. Skeels, C., and Rehg, J. 2007. ShapeShift: a projector-guided sculpture system (Poster). UIST 2007 Poster Session.
30. Zhang, Z. 1994. Iterative point matching for registration of free-form curves and surfaces. International Journal of Computer Vision 13, 2 (Oct.), 119–152.
