“Adding force feedback to graphics systems: issues and solutions” by Mark, Randolph, Finch, Van Verth and Taylor

Integrating force feedback with a complete real-time virtual environment system presents problems which are more difficult than those encountered in building simpler force-feedback systems. In particular, lengthy computations for graphics or simulation require a decoupling of the haptic servo loop from the main application loop if high-quality forces are to be produced. We present some approaches to these problems and describe our force-feedback software library which implements these techniques and provides other benefits including haptic-textured surfaces, device independence, distributed operation and easy enhancement.

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