“A conceptual model of raster graphics systems” by Acquah, Foley, Sibert and Wenner

In this paper we present a conceptual model of raster graphics systems which integrates, at a suitable level of abstraction, the major features found in both contemporary and anticipated graphics systems. These features are the refresh buffer; the image creation (scan-conversion) system; the single address-space architecture which integrates the address space of the refresh buffer with those of the image creation system and the associated general-purpose computer; the RasterOp or BitBlt instructions found in some single address-space architectures; the video look-up table, and refresh buffer to screen transformations. Also included are the major components from the conceptual model of vector graphics systems which are embodied in the ACM/SIGGGRAPH/GSPC Core System. Using the conceptual model as a base, we proceed to sketch out the capabilities we have defined in a substantial addition to the Core System. The capabilities are currently being implemented as part of the George Washington University Core System.

1. Acquah, J. B., J. D. Foley, and P. Wenner, “Reference Manual for Advanced Raster Graphics Extensions to ACM/SIGGRAPH Core System.” IIST Report 82-15, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., March 1982.
2. “Apollo Domain Architecture,” Apollo Computer, North Billerica, MA, February 1981.
3. Carlbom, Ingrid B., System Architecture for High-Performance Vector Graphics, Ph.D. thesis, Dept. of Computer Science, Brown University, Providence, R.I., 1980.
4. Catmull, E. and A. R. Smith. “3-D Transformations of Images in Scanline Order,” SIGGRAPH ’80 Proceedings, published as Computer Graphics, 14(3), July 1980, pp. 279-285.
5. Clard, D. W., B. W. Lampson, K. A., Pier, “The Memory System of a High-Performance Personal Computer.” IEEE Transactions on Computers, October 1981, p. 715.
6. Driscoll, T., and C. Walker, “The Evolution of Image Processing Technology.” Computer Graphics World, June 1981, pp 29.
7. Foley, J. D., J. Templeman, and D. Dastyar, “Some Raster Graphics Extensions to the Core System,” SIGGRAPH ’79 Proceedings, published as Computer Graphics, 13(2), August 1979, pp. 15-24.
8. Foley, J. D., and A. van Dam, “Interactive Computer Graphics,” Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1982.
9. “Gino-F User Manual,” Issue 2, Computer-Aided Design Centre, Cambridge, England, December 1976.
10. “Status Report of the Graphics Standards Planning Committee,” Computer Graphics, 11, 1977.
11. “Status Report of the Graphics Standards Committee,” Computer Graphics 13(3), August 1979.
12. Ingalls, D., “The Smalltalk Graphics Kernel,” special issue on Smalltalk, BYTE, 8(8), August 1981.
13. “3400 Reference Manual,” Lexidata Corporation, 755 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA, 1981.
14. Newman, W. M. and R. F. Sproull, “An Approach to Graphics System Design,” Proc. IEEE, 62(4), April 1974, pp. 571-483.
15. Newman, W. M. and R. F. Sproull, “Principles of Interactive Computer Graphics,” 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 1979.
16. PERQ, Three Rivers Computer Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA, 1980.
17. “RM-9400 Series Graphic Display System Software Reference Manual,” Ramtek Corporation, 2211 Lawson Lane, Santa Clara, CA, 1979.
18. Shoup, R., “Color Table Animation,” SIGGRAPH ’79 Proceedings, published as Computer Graphics, 13(2), August 1979, pp. 8-13.
19. Sloan, K. and C. Brown, “Color Map Techniques,” Computer Graphics and Image Processing, 10(4), August 1979, pp. 297-317.
20. Sproull, R. F., “Raster Graphics for Interactive Programming Environments,” SIGGRAPH ’79 Proceedings, published as Computer Graphics, 13(2), August 1979, pp. 83-93.
21. Teitelman, W., “A Display-Oriented Programmer’s Assistant,” Proceedings 5th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 1977, pp. 905-915.
22. “4112 Computer Display Terminal,” Tektronix Inc., P.O. Box 500, Beaverton, Oregon, 1981.
23. Thacker, C. P., E. M. McCreight, B. W. Mapson, R. F. Spruoll, and D. R. Boggs, “Alto: A Personal Computer,” in D. Siewiorek, G. Bell, and A. M. Newell, Computer Structures: Readings and Examples, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, 1981.
24. van den Box, J., L. C. Caruthers and A. van Dam, “GPGS: A Device-independent General Purpose Graphic System,” SIGGRAPH ’77 Proceedings, published as Computer Graphics, 11(2), Summer 1977, pp. 112-119.
25. Weiman, C., “Continuous Anti-Aliased Rotation and Zoom of Raster Images,” SIGGRAPH ’80 Proceedings, published as Computer Graphics, 14(3), July 1980, pp. 286-293.