“Shadow art”
Conference:
Type(s):
Title:
- Shadow art
Session/Category Title: 3D is fun
Presenter(s)/Author(s):
Moderator(s):
Abstract:
“To them, I said, the truth would be literally nothing but the shadows of the images.” – Plato, The RepublicShadow art is a unique form of sculptural art where the 2D shadows cast by a 3D sculpture are essential for the artistic effect. We introduce computational tools for the creation of shadow art and propose a design process where the user can directly specify the desired shadows by providing a set of binary images and corresponding projection information. Since multiple shadow images often contradict each other, we present a geometric optimization that computes a 3D shadow volume whose shadows best approximate the provided input images. Our analysis shows that this optimization is essential for obtaining physically realizable 3D sculptures. The resulting shadow volume can then be modified with a set of interactive editing tools that automatically respect the often intricate shadow constraints. We demonstrate the potential of our system with a number of complex 3D shadow art sculptures that go beyond what is seen in contemporary art pieces.
References:
1. Clote, P., and Kranakis, E. 2002. Boolean Functions and Computation Models. Springer.Google Scholar
2. Durand, F., Drettakis, G., and Puech, C. 2002. The 3D visibility complex. ACM Trans. Graph. 21, 2, 176–206. Google ScholarDigital Library
3. Ewart, F. G. 1998. Let The Shadows Speak. Trentham Books.Google Scholar
4. Gal, R., Sorkine, O., Popa, T., Sheffer, A., and Cohen-Or, D. 2007. 3D collage: Expressive non-realistic modeling. In Proc. of NPAR, 7–14. Google ScholarDigital Library
5. Galyean, T. A., and Hughes, J. F. 1991. Sculpting: an interactive volumetric modeling technique. In Proc. of SIGGRAPH, 267–274. Google ScholarDigital Library
6. Igarashi, T., Moscovich, T., and Hughes, J. F. 2005. As-rigid-as-possible shape manipulation. ACM SIGGRAPH Trans. Graph. 24, 3. Google ScholarDigital Library
7. Käser, D., Senn, M.-S., Deuss, M., Pauly, M., and Mitra, N. J., 2009. Silhouettes of jazz. SIGGRAPH Computer Animation Festival. http://www.silhouettesofjazz.com. Google ScholarDigital Library
8. Kazhdan, M., Klein, A., Dalal, K., and Hoppe, H. 2007. Unconstrained isosurface extraction on arbitrary octrees. In Proc. of Symp. of Geometry Processing, 125–133. Google ScholarDigital Library
9. Klimmek, B., Prautzsch, H., and Vahrenkamp, N. 2007. Shadow metamorphosis. Computing 79, 2, 325–335. Google ScholarDigital Library
10. Kutulakos, K. N., and Seitz, S. M. 1999. A theory of shape by space carving. Int. Journal of Computer Vision 38, 307–314. Google ScholarDigital Library
11. Ladikos, A., Benhimane, S., and Navab, N. 2008. Efficient visual hull computation for real-time 3D reconstruction using CUDA. In Proc. of CVPR Workshops.Google Scholar
12. Laurentini, A. 1994. The visual hull concept for silhouette-based image understanding. Trans. on PAMI 16, 2, 150–162. Google ScholarDigital Library
13. Mitra, N. J., Guibas, L. J., and Pauly, M. 2007. Symmetrization. ACM SIGGRAPH Trans. Graph. 26, 3, #63. Google ScholarDigital Library
14. Olsen, L., Samavati, F., Sousa, M., and Jorge, J. 2008. Sketch-based modeling: A survey. Computers and Graphics.Google Scholar
15. Pellacini, F., Tole, P., and Greenberg, D. P. 2002. A user interface for interactive cinematic shadow design. ACM SIGGRAPH Trans. Graph. 21, 3, 563–566. Google ScholarDigital Library
16. Perry, R. N., and Frisken, S. F. 2001. Kizamu: a system for sculpting digital characters. In Proc. of SIGGRAPH. Google ScholarDigital Library
17. Pocchiola, M., and Vegter, G. 1993. The visibility complex. In Proc. of the ACM Symposium on Computational Geometry, 328–337. Google ScholarDigital Library
18. Rusinkiewicz, S., and Levoy, M. 2001. Efficient variants of the ICP algorithm. 3DIM, 145–152.Google Scholar
19. Sela, G., and Elber, G. 2007. Generation of view dependent models using free form deformation. The Visual Computer 23, 3, 219–229. Google ScholarDigital Library
20. Sinha, S. N., and Pollefeys, M. 2005. Multi-view reconstruction using photo-consistency and exact silhouette constraints: A maximum-flow formulation. In IEEE ICCV, 349–356. Google ScholarDigital Library
21. Thormählen, T., and Seidel, H.-P. 2008. 3D-modeling by ortho-image generation from image sequences. ACM SIGGRAPH Trans. Graph. 27, 3, 1–5. Google ScholarDigital Library
22. Wanger, L. C., Ferwerda, J. A., and Greenberg, D. P. 1992. Perceiving spatial relationships in computer-generated images. IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl. 12, 3, 44–51, 54–58. Google ScholarDigital Library
23. Wanger, L. 1992. The effect of shadow quality on the perception of spatial relationships in computer generated imagery. In Proc. of the Symp. on Interactive 3D graphics, 39–42. Google ScholarDigital Library
